SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION, DEDUCTION, AND INDUCTION

SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION 

The scientific explanation is an explanation given to something based on the principles of science. There are mainly three parts to the scientific explanation. The first one is the claim, which means the explanation. The second component is the evidence, or we can say it as the observation. The last part is rationality. This is the reasoning. Reasoning explains the evidence and why it supports the claim. The primary objective of a scientific explanation is to show that the facts or data that can be deduced from the general theory. To become a good scientific explanation all our data needs to be correct and the explanation needs to be true.  

Explanations vs confirmations

Confirmation involves proving reasons related to certain claims in believing that is true. This means confirmation involves providing evidence for a certain claim. The explanation involves answering questions. Which involves clarifying certain causes. Why does a particular phenomenon occur? How the phenomenon occurs etc.

Scientific explanation and “why”

Many scientific explanations are started with the why-questions. Scientific explanations are requested utilizing why-questions. Often we can translate these requests into why-questions. For example “What are the causes for global warming?” This is equivalent to the “Why is global warming occurring?”.But all why-questions do not emphasize the need for a scientific explanation. Sometimes why do questions ask for justifications, or simply a request? Some questions request evidence. We need to have a clear and sound understanding related to these matters.

Deduction and induction

The deduction is making an inference based on the widely accepted facts or premises. It uses existing information, facts, or even knowledge to build, deduce a conclusion. Induction is making an inference based on observation, Often a sample is used for the observation. Inductive reasoning is making an inference based on generalization from specific facts and observations. Inductive reasoning is a bottom-up approach while deductive reasoning is top to bottom approach. 



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